The study is the first to explore the synergistic effects of simultaneous aerobic exercise and 3D video game interventions on memory discrimination in community-dwelling older adults, revealing that aerobic exercise-induced hippocampal structural plasticity and 3D video game-induced DMN network functional plasticity may underlie the synergistic effects, suggesting the complexity of plasticity mechanisms in the human brain. The study also confirmed the high compliance and good feasibility of the simultaneous combined intervention model, laying the foundation for future intervention design.